BOOK 3: The company law of the People's republic of China

THE COMPANY LAW OF THE PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
我的翻译：中华人民共和国公司法




Company Law of the People's Republic of China
(年月日第八届全国人民代表大会常务委员会第五次会议通过根据年月日第九届全国人民代表大会常务委员会第十三次会议《关于修改(中华人民共和国公司法)的决定》第一次修根据年月日第十届全国人民代表大会常务委员会第十一次会议《关于修改<中华人民共和国公司法》的决定)第二次修)
(Adopted at the Fifth Meeting of the Standing Committee of the ighth National People's Congress of China on December ，．Revised for the first time by the th Meeting of the Standing Committee of the th People's Congress on December ，．Revised for the second time by the th Meeting of the Standing Committee of the)th People's Congress on Au．gust ，)
目 录
Contents
第一章 总 则 Chapter I General Provisions
第二章 有限责任公司的设立和 Chapter II stablishment and
组织机构 Organizational Setupof a Limited
Liability Company
第一节 设 立 Section I stablishment
第二节 组织机构 Section II Organizational Setup
第三节 国有独资公司 Section III Solely State-Owned Companies
第三章 股份有限公司的设立和 Chapter III stablishment and
组织机构 Organizational Setupof Joint Stock
Company Limited
第一节 设 立 Section I stablishment
第二节 股东大会 Section II Shareholder's Meeting
第三节 董事会、经理 Section III Board of Directors．Manager
第四节 监事会 Section IV Supervisory Committee
第四章 股份有限公司的股份发 Chapter IV Issue and Transfer of Shares
行和转让 of a Joint Stock Limited Company
第一节股份发行 Section I Issue of Shares
第二节股份转让 Section II Transfer of Shares
第三节上市公司 Section III Listed Companies
第五章 公司债券 Chapter V Corporate Bonds
第六章 公司财务、会计 Chapter VI Financial Affairs and
Accounting of a Company
第七章 公司合并、分立 Chapter VII Merger and Division of
a Company
第八章 公司破产、解散和清算 Chapter VIII Bankruptcy，Dissolution
and Liquidation
第九章 外国公司的分支机构 Chapter IX Branches of Foreign Companies
第十章 法律责任 Chapter X Legal Responsibilities
第十一章 附 则 Chapter Xl Supplementary Provisions
第一章 总 则
Chapter I General Provisions
第一条 为了适应建立现代企业制度的需要，规范公司的组织和行为，保护公司、股东和债权人的合法权益。维护社会经济秩序，促进社会主义市场经济的发展，根据宪法，制定本法。
Article The law is formulated in conformity with the Constitution in view to establishing a modern enterprise system，standardizing the organization and operation of companies，protecting the legitimate rights and interests of companies，shareholders and creditors，maintaining the socialist economic order and promoting the development of the socialist market economy．
第二条 本法所称公司是指依照本法在中国境内设立的有限责任公司和股份有限公司。
Article The term “company” used in this law refers to a limited liability company or a joint stock company limited set up within the territory of the People's Republic of China according to the provisions of this law．
第三条 有限责任公司和股份有限公司是企业法人。
有限责任公司，股东以其出资额为限对公司承担责任，公司以其全部资产对公司的债务承担责任。
股份有限公司，其全部资本分为等额股份，股东以其所持股份为限对公司承担责任，公司以其全部资产对公司的债务承担责任。
Article A limited liability company and a joint stock company limited are enterprise legal persons．
For a limited liability company, a shareholder bears the responsibility to the company within the limit of the amount of investment made by the shareholder per se and the company shall bear the responsibility for its debts with all its assets．
For a joint stock company limited the entire capital is divided into shares of equal amount and the shareholders bear responsibilities to their company within the scope of the number of shares they hold and the company shall bear responsibilities for its debts with all its assets．
第四条 公司股东作为出资者按投入公司的资本额享有所有者的资产受益、重大决策和选择管理者等权利。
公司享有由股东投资形成的全部法人财产权，依法享有民事权利，承担民事责任。
公司中的国有资产所有权属于国家。
Article Shareholders of a company。as capital contributor，shall have the right to enjoy capital gains，take major policy decisions and choose managers in proportion to share of the investment they make in the company．
A company shall enjoy all legal person property rights formed by the investment by shareholders，enjoy civil rights，and bear the civil responsibilities according to law．
Ownership of the State—owned property rights in a company belongs to the State．
第五条 公司以其全部法人财产，依法自主经营，自负盈亏。
公司在国家宏观调控下，按照市场需求自主组织生产经营，以提高经济效益、劳动生产率和实现资产保值增值为目的。
Article A company shall operate independently with all its assets，and be responsible for its own profits and losses．
Under the macro—economic control and regulation by the State，a company shall have the autonomy in organizing its own production and operations according to market demand so as to raise its economic efficiency，step up its productivity and preserve and accrete the value of its assets．
第六条 公司实行权责分明、管理科学、激励和约束相结合的内部管理体制。
Article A company shall institute an internal management system that is of a clear division of power and responsibility，a scientific management，and a combine mechanism of incentives and restrictions．
第七条 国有企业改建为公司，必须依照法律、行政法规规定的条件和要求，转换经营机制，有步骤地清产核资，界定产权，清理债权债务，评估资产，建立规范的内部管理机构。
Article I n changing over to a company，a State—owned enterprise shall first of all change its original operational mechanism，gradually and systematically make an inventory of its own assets，define its own property right，clear its own credits and debts，appraise its own assets and establish a standard internal organizational setup according to taw and administrative decrees concerned．
第八条 设立有限责任公司、股份有限公司，必须符合本法规定的条件。符合本法规定的条件的，登记为有限责任公司或者股份有限公司；不符合本法规定的条件的，不得登记为有限责任公司或者股份有限公司。
法律、行政法规对设立公司规定必须报经审批的，在公司登记前依法办理审批手续。
Article A limited liability company or a joint stock company limited shall be set up according to this law．Only those that can meet the requirements as set in this law can be registered as limited liability companies or joint stock companies limited those that cannot meet such requirements cannot be registered as a limited liability company or joint stock company limited．
第九条 依照本法设立的有限责任公司，必须在公司名称中标明有限责任公司字样。
依照本法设立的股份有限公司，必须在公司名称中标明股份有限公司字样。
Article A limited liability company established according to this law shall include the words “limited liability” in its name．
A joint stock company limited established according to this law shall be clearly indicated as a joint stock company limited in its name．
第十条 公司以其主要办事机构所在地为住所。
Article A company shall make the location of its math office as its address．
第十一条 设立公司必须依照本法制定公司章程。公司章程对公司、股东、董事、监事、经理具有约束力。
公司的经营范围由公司章程规定，并依法登记。公司的经营范围中属于法律、行政法规限制的项目，应当依法经过批准。
公司应当在登记的经营范围内从事经营活动。公司依照法定程序修改公司章程并经公司登记机关变更登记，可以变更其经营范围。
Article A company established according to this law shall formulate its articles of association that have a binding force on the company，its shareholders，directors，supervisors and managers alike．
The scope of business shall be defined in the articles of association and registered according to law．If the scope of business covers items restricted by law or administrative decrees．it shall be subject to approval according to law．
A company shall conduct its business activities within the scope registered．If a company has revised its articles of association according to legal procedures and registered for alteration with the registration authorities． it may change the scope of business．
第十二条 公司可以向其他有限责任公司、股份有限公司投资，并以该出资额为限对所投资公司承担责任。
公司向其他有限责任公司、股份有限公司投资的，除国务院规定的投资公司和控股公司外，所累计投资额不得超过本公司净资产的百分之五十，在投资后，接受被投资公司以利润转增的资本，其增加额不包括在内。
Article A company may invest in other limited liability companies or joint stock companies limited and bear responsibility to the companies in which it has invested in proportion to the amount of investment it has made．
xcept for investment companies and holding companies as specified by the State Council where a company invests in other limited liability companies or joint stock companies limited．the aggregate amount of the investment shall not exceed ％ of the net assets of the company，not including the capital gains of the latter put in by the company from its profits gained from the latter．
第十三条 公司可以设立分公司，分公司不具有企业法人资格，其民事责任由公司承担。
公司可以设立子公司，子公司具有企业法人资格，依法独立承担民事责任。
Article A company may set up branches，which shall not enjoy the status of enterprise legal persons．and the parent company shall be responsible for civil liabilities of its branches．
A company may set up subsidiaries which shall enjoy the status of enterprise legal persons and be independently responsible for their own civil liabilities．
第十四条 公司从事经营活动，必须遵守法律，遵守职业道德，加强社会主义精神文明建设，接受政府和社会公众的监督。
公司的合法权益受法律保护，不受侵犯。
Article I n conducting business operations，a company shall abide by taw，observe business ethics，promote socialist culture and ethics，and accept the supervision by the government and the public．
The legitimate rights and interests of a company shall be protected by law against any infringement．
第十五条 公司必须保护职工的合法权益，加强劳动保护，实现安全生产。
公司采用多种形式，加强公司职工的职业教育和岗位培训，提高职工素质。
Article A company shall protect the legitimate rights and interests of its staff and workers，strengthen labor protection，and ensure safe production．
A company shall provide its workers with vocational education and in job training in various forms to improve their working quality．
第十六条 公司职工依法组织工会，开展工会活动，维护职工的合法权益。公司应当为本公司工会提供必要的活动条件。
国有独资公司和两个以上的国有企业或者其他两个以上的国有投资主体投资设立的有限责任公司，依照宪法和有关法律的规定，通过职工代表大会和其他形式，实行民主管理。
Article Workers of a company shall organize a trade union in accordance with the law to carry out trade union activities and protect their legitimate rights and interests．A company shall provide the necessary conditions for activities of its trade union．
A solely State—owned company or a limited liability company established by more than two State—owned enterprises or by more than two State—owned investment entities shall exercise democratic management in accordance with the provisions of the Constitution and relevant laws through the general meetings of the staff and workers or otherwise．
第十七条 公司中中国共产党基层组织的活动，依照中国共产党章程办理。
Article The grassroots organizations of the Communist Party of China in a company shall carry out their activities according to the Constitution of the Communist Party of China．
第十八条 外商投资的有限责任公司适用本法，有关中外合资经营企业、中外合作经营企业、外资企业的法律另有规定的，适用其规定。
Article This taw applies to limited liability companies established with foreign investment except otherwise provided foreign the laws concerning Sino—foreign joint equity ventures，Sino—foreign joint cooperative ventures and foreign enterprises．
第二章 有限责任公司的设立和组织机构
Chapter ll stablishment and Organizational Setup Of a Limited Liability Company
第一节 设 立
Section I stablishment
第十九条 设立有限责任公司，应当具备下列条件：
(一)股东符合法定人数；
(二)股东出资达到法定资本最低限额；
(三)股东共同制定公司章程；
(四)有公司名称，建立符合有限责任公司要求的组织机构；
(五)有固定的生产经营场所和必要的生产经营条件。
Article The establishment of a limited liability company shall be subject to the fulfillment of the following conditions：
.The number of shareholders tallies with that provided for by law；
.The investment contributed by shareholders reaches the minimum amount of capital required by law；
.Shareholders participate in the formulation of articles of association：
.The company has a suitable name and its organizational setup complies with that of a limited liability company；
.The company has fixed production or operational site(s)and necessary conditions for production Or operations．
第二十条 有限责任公司由二个以上五十个以下股东共同出资设立。
国家授权投资的机构或者国家授权的部门可以单独投资设立国有独资的有限责任公司。
Article A limited liability company shall be set up by capital contributions made up by at beast two and no more than shareholders．
Investment entities or departments authorized by the State may set up limited liability companies with sole State investment．
第二十一条 本法施行前已设立的国有企业，符合本法规定设立有限责任公司条件的，单一投资主体的，可以依照本法改建为国有独资的有限责任公司；多个投资主体的，可以改建为前条第一款规定的有限责任公司。
国有企业改建为公司的实施步骤和具体办法，由国务院另行规定。
Article A State—owned enterprise set up before the implementation of this law if can fulfill the condition of a limited liability company under this law may be reorganized into a solely State—owned limited liability company in the case of an investment entity with a single investor，or into a limited liability company as provided for in the first paragraph of the preceding Article in the case of an investment entity with many investors．
The steps and specific methods for State—owned enterprises to convert into companies shall be formulated separately by the State Council．
第二十二条 有限责任公司章程应当载明下列事项：
(一)公司名称和住所；
(二)公司经营范围；
(三)公司注册资本；
(四)股东的姓名或者名称；
(五)股东的权利和义务；
(六)股东的出资式和出资额；
(七)股东转让出资的条件；
(八)公司的机构及其产生办法、职权、议事规则；
(九)公司的法定代表人；
(十)公司的解散事由与清算办法；
（十一）股东认为需要规定的其他事项。
股东应当在公司章程上签名、盖章。
.Name and address of the company;
.Scope of business of the company;
.Registered capital of the company;
.Names of shareholders;
.Rights and obligations of shareholders;
.Forms and amount of investment made by shareholders;
.Conditions for shareholders to transfer their investment;
.The organizations of the company and the methods of establishment, their powers and functions and rules of procedures for meetings;
. Legal representative of the company;
. Grounds for dissolution of the company;
. Other matters deemed necessary by shareholders;
Shareholders should sign and seal the articles of association of the company.
第二十三条 有限责任公司的注册资本为在公司登记机关登记的全体股东实缴的出资额。
有限责任公司的注册资本不得少于下列最低限额：
(一)以生产经营为主的公司人民币五十万元；
(二) 以商品批发为主的公司人民币五十万元；
(三) 以商业零售为主的公司人民币三十万元；
(四) 科技开发、咨询、服务性公司人民币十万元。
特定行业的有限责任公司注册资本最低限额需高于前款所定限额的，由法律、行政法规另行规定。
Article The registered capital is the total amount of investment paid in by All the shareholders registered with the registration department.
The amount of registered capital should not be less than the amount specified below;
.for a company mainly engaging in production operations, RMB,;
.for a company mainly engaging in wholesales, RMB,;
.for a company mainly engaging in retail sales, RMB,;
.for a company engaging in technology development, consulting and services, RMB,.
If the minimum amount of registered capital of a limited liability company of a given trade should be higher than those provided for in the preceding paragraph, it shall be determined separately by law or administrative decrees.
第二十四条 股东可以用货币出资，也可以用实物、工业产权、非专利技术、土地使用权作价出资。对作为出资的食物、工业产权、非专利技术或者土地使用权，必须进行评估作价，核实财产，不得高估或者低估作价。土地使用权的评估作价，依照法律、行政法规的规定办理。
以工业产权、非专利技术作价出资的金额不得超过有限责任公司注册资本的百分之二十，国家对采用高新技术成果有特别规定的除外。
Article Shareholders may make their investment in cash，in kind，in industrial property rights, in non—patented technology or land use rights must be correctly assessed and verified in value terms without any over or under—valuation．The assessment of land use rights in value shall be made according to law or administrative decrees．
The amount of industrial property rights or non—patented technology in value shall not exceed percent of the total value of the registered capital of a limited liability company，except otherwise provided for by the State for the use of high and new technology．
第二十五条股东应当足额缴纳公司章程中规定的各自所认缴的出资额。股东以货币出资的，应当将货币出资足额存入准备设立的有限责任公司在银行开设的临时账户；以实物、工业产权、非专利技术或者土地使用权出资的，应当依法办理其财产权的转移手续。
股东不按照前款规定缴纳所认缴的出资，应当向已足额缴纳出资的股东承担违约责任。
Article Shareholders shall pay in full their subscribed capital contributions as specified in the articles of association．In cases of making investment in cash, the contribution in cash should be deposited in full into a temporal account opened by the proposed limited liability company in a bank．In cases of using investment in kind，industrial property rights，non—patented technology or land use rights, the procedures for transfer of the property rights shall be completed according to law．
Shareholders who fail to pay in the subscribed amount of investment as provided for in the preceding paragraph should be liable to breach of contract．
第二十六条 股东全部缴纳出资后，必须经法定的验资机构验资并出具证明。
Article After all the shareholders have paid in their investment．the investment shall be verified by a legal investment verification institution and a certificate shall be produced by the institution．
第二十七条 股东的全部出资经法定的验资机构验资后，由全体股东指定的代表或者共同委托的代理人向公司登记机关申请设立登记，提交公司登记申请书、公司章程、验资证明等文件。
法律、行政法规规定需要经有关部门审批的，应当在申请设立登记时提交批准文件。
公司登记机关对符合本法规定条件的，予以登记，发给公司营业执照；对不符合本法规定条件的，不予登记。
公司营业执照签发日期，为有限责任公司成立日期。
Article After all the investment paid in by shareholders is verified，a representative designated or an agent commonly commissioned by all the shareholders shall apply for registration of establishment of the company with the registration department with an application form for registration，the articles of association，investment verification documents and other documents of the company．
If an examination and approval procedure is required by law or administrative decrees，the document of approval should be submitted when the applications for establishment and registration are filed．
The company registration department should grant registration if all the requirements provided for by this law are met and issue business licenses but if the requirements provided for by this law are not met，the registration shall be refused．
The date of issue of the company business license shall be the date of establishment of the limited liability company．
第二十八条 有限责任公司成立后，发现作为出资的实物、工业产权、非专利技术、土地使用权的实际价额显著低于公司章程所定价额的，应当由交付该出资的股东补交其差额，公司设立时的其他股东对其承担连带责任。
Article After the establishment of a limited liability company， if the actual value of the investment in kind，industrial property rights，non—patented technology or land use rights are found to be apparently lower than the values set for in the articles of association of the company，the shortage shall be made good by the shareholder(s)concerned with the other shareholder bearing joint responsibility．
第二十九条 设立有限责任公司的同时设立分公司的，应当就所设分公司向公司登记机关申请登记，领取营业执照。
有限责任公司成立后设立分公司，应当由公司法定代表人向公司登记机关申请登记，领取营业执照。
Article If a limited liability company sets up branches at the time of its establishment, it should apply for registration to obtain business licenses for the branches.
If a limited liability company sets up a branch or branches after its establishment, the legal representative of the company shall apply for registration of the branch of branches to obtain business license(s)．
第三十条 有限责任公司成立后，应当向股东签发出资证明书。
出资证明书应当载明下列事项：
(一)公司名称；
(二)公司登记日期；
(三)公司注册资本；
(四)股东的姓名或者名称、缴纳的出资额和出资日期；
(五)出资证明书的编号和核发日期。
出资证明书由公司盖章。
Article After the establishment，a limited liability company shall issue certificates of investment to shareholders．
A certificate of investment should specify clearly：
．Name of the company；
．Date of registration of the company；
．Registered capital of the company：
．Names of shareholder，amount of investment paid in and the date of payment；and
．Serial number and date of issue of the certificates of investment．
Certificates of investment shall be affixed with the seal of the company．
第三十一条 有限责任公司应当置备股东名册，记载下列事项：
(一)股东的姓名或者名称及住所；
(二)股东的出资额；
(三)出资证明书编号。
Article l A limited liability company should keep a list of its shareholders with the following specified items：
．Names or both names and address of shareholders；
．Amount of investments paid in by the shareholders；
．Serial number of the certificates of investment．
第三十二条 股东有权查阅股东会会议记录和公司财务会计报告。
Article Shareholders of a company have the right to review the minutes of meetings of shareholders and the financial and accounting statements of their company.
第三十三条 股东按照出资比例分取红利。公司新增资本时，股东可以优先认缴出资。
Article Shareholder shall get dividends in proportion to the amount of investment they have made．If a company wants to increase its capital，its shareholders have the priority of subscription．
第三十四条 股东在公司登记后，不得抽回出资。
Article Shareholders are not allowed to withdraw their investment after the registration of the company．
第三十五条 股东之间可以相互转让其全部出资或者部分出资。
股东向股东以外的人转让其出资时，必须经全体股东过半数同意；不同意转让的股东应当购买该转让的出资，如果不购买该转让的出资，视为同意转让。
经股东同意转让的出资，在同等条件下，其他股东对该出资有优先购买权。
Article Shareholders may transfer to each other all or part of their investment.
For transferring the investment to other people other than other shareholders of the company, a shareholder must get the consent of the simple majority of the shareholders．Shareholders who disapprove of the transfer should buy the shares of investment to be transferred. If they fail to buy the shares，it shall be regarded as approval of the transfer．
For the investment shares having been approved to be transferred, other shareholders shall have the priority for the purchase under the same conditions．
第三十六条 股东依法转让其出资后，由公司将受让人的姓名或者名称、住所以及受让的出资额记载于股东名册。
Article After a shareholder has transferred its investment according to law，the company shall record the name(s)and address(es)of the transferee(s)and the amount of investment transferred in the list of shareholders．
第二节 组织机构
Section II Organizational Setup
第三十七条 有限责任公司股东会由全体股东组成，股东会是公司的权力机构，依照本法行使职权。
Article The meeting of shareholders of a limited liability company shall be made up of all shareholders．The meeting of shareholders shall be the authoritative organization of the company and exercises its powers according to this law．
第三十八条 股东会行使下列职权：
(一)决定公司的经营针和投资计划；
(二)选举和更换董事，决定有关董事的报酬事项；
(三)选举和更换由股东代表出任的监事，决定有关监事的报酬事项；
(四)审议批准董事会的报告；
(五)审议批准监事会或者监事的报告；
(六)审议批准公司的年度财务预算案、决算案；
(七)审议批准公司的利润分配案和弥补亏损案；
(八)对公司增加或者减少注册资本作出决议；
(九)对发行公司债券作出决议；
(十)对股东向股东以外的人转让出资作出决议；
(十一)对公司合并、分立、变更公司形式、解散和清算等事项作出决议；
(十二)修改公司章程。
Article The meeting of shareholders shall exercise the following powers：
.To decide upon the operation policies and investment plans of the company．
.To elect and replace directors and decide on matters relating to remuneration to directors.
.To elect and replace the supervisors who are the representatives of shareholders and decide on the payment to supervisors．
.To examine and approve the reports by the boa rd of directors．
.To examine and approve the reports by the supervisory committee or individual supervisors．
.To examine and approve the annual financial and budget plan and financial accounting plan of the company．
.To examine and approve the plans for company's profit distribution and losses recovery．
.To pass resolutions on the increase or decrease of registered capital．
.To pass resolutions on the issue of bonds．
.To pass resolutions on the transfer of investment by shareholders to people other than shareholders．
.To pass resolutions on issues as merger，division，change in corporate form，dissolution and liquidation and other affairs of the company．
.To revise the articles of association of the company．
第三十九条 股东会的议事式和表决程序，除本法有规定的以外，由公司章程规定。
股东会对公司增加或者减少注册资本、分立、合并、解散或者变更公司形式作出决议，必须经代表三分之二以上表决权的股东通过。
Article Methods of discussion and voting procedures of the meeting of shareholders shall be provided for in the articles of association except otherwise provided for by this law．
The resolution on the increase or decrease of registered capital，division，merger，dissolution or change of corporate form of the company must be agreed by shareholders representing two-thirds of the voting rights.
第四十条 公司可以修改章程。修改公司章程的决议，必须经代表三分之二以上表决权的股东通过。
Article A company may revise its articles of association．The resolution on the revision of the articles of association must be agreed by shareholders representing over two—thirds of the voting rights．
第四十一条 股东会会议由股东按照出资比例行使表决权。
Article l In a meeting of shareholders，the voting rights shall be exercised in proportion to the amount of investment made by shareholders．
第四十二条 股东会的首次会议由出资最多的股东召集和主持，依照本法规定行使职权。
Article The first meeting of the shareholders shall be convened and presided over by the shareholder whose capital contribution is the largest．Such shareholder shall exercise its rights according to the provisions of this law．
第四十三条 股东会会议分为定期会议和临时会议。
定期会议应当按照公司章程的规定按时召开。代表四分之一以上表决权的股东，三分之一以上董事，或者监事，可以提议召开临时会议。
有限责任公司设立董事会的，股东会会议由董事会召集，董事长主持，董事长因特殊原因不能履行职务时，由董事长指定的副董事长或者其他董事主持。
Article Meetings of shareholders shall be divided into regular meetings and irregular meetings．
Regular meetings shall be called according to the provisions of the articles of association of the company．Irregular meetings may be called upon the motion by shareholders who represent over one—fourth of the voting rights or by over one—third of the directors or supervisors．
If a limited liability company has a board of directors，the meeting of shareholders shall be called by the board of directors and presided over by the chairman of the board of directors the chairman of the board of directors is unable to perform the duty due to special reasons，the meetings shall be presided over by a vice—chairman of the board of directors or a director designated by the chairman of the board of directors.
第四十四条 召开股东会会议，应当于会议召开十五日以前通知全体股东。
股东会应当对所议事项的决定作成会议记录，出席会议的股东应当在会议记录上签名。
Article If a meeting of shareholders is to be held，notice shall be given to all the shareholders l days before the meeting is held．
The meeting of shareholders shall keep minutes on matters discussed and to be signed by shareholders present．
第四十五条 有限责任公司设董事会，其成员为三人至十三人。
两个以上的国有企业或者其他两个以上的国有投资主体投资设立的有限责任公司，其董事会成员中应当有公司职工代表。董事会中的职工代表由公司职工民主选举产生。
董事会设董事长一人，可以设副董事长一至二人。董事长、副董事长的产生办法由公司章程规定。
董事长为公司的法定代表人。
Article The board of directors of a limited liability company shall be made up of to persons.
For a board of directors established by at least two State owned enterprises or by at least two State owned investment entities, members of its board of directors should include representatives of workers, who are to be elected by the workers through democratic processes.
A board of directors shall have a chairman and may have one to two vice-chairmen. The vided for in the articles of association of the company.
The chairman of the board of directors is the legal representative of the company.
第四十六条 董事会对股东会负责，行使下列职权：
(一)负责召集股东会，并向股东会报告工作；
(二) 执行股东会的决议；
(三)决定公司的经营计划和投资案；
(四)制订公司的年度财务预算案、决算案；
(五)制订公司的利润分配案和弥补亏损案；
(六)制订公司增加或者减少注册资本的案；
(七)拟定公司合并、分立、变更公司形式、解散的案；
(八)决定公司内部管理机构的设置；
(九)聘任或者解聘公司经理（总经理）（以下简称经理），根据经理的提名，聘任或者解聘公司副经理、财务负责人，决定其报酬事项；
(十)制定公司基本管理制度。
Article The board of directors shall be responsible to the meeting of shareholders and exercises the following powers:
.To call meetings of shareholders and report work to the meetings of shareholders.
.To execute the resolutions passed by the meetings of shareholders.
.To decide on the operation and investment plans.
.To formulate the company's annual financial budget and final accounts.
.To formulate the profit distribution and losses recovery plans.
.To formulate plans for increasing or decreasing registered capital of the company.
.To draft plans for merger, division, change of corporate form and dissolution of the company.
.To decide on the organizational setup of the company.
.To appoint or dismiss manager(general manager) of the company(hereinafter referred to as“manager”), appoint or dismiss deputy managers and decide on their remuneration.
.To formulate the basic management systems of the company.
第四十七条 董事任期由公司章程规定，但每届任期不得超过三年。董事任期届满，连选可以连任。
董事在任期届满前，股东会不得无故解除其职务。
Article The term of office for the chairman of the board of directors shall be provided for in the articles of association，in case that each term of the office shall not be longer than three years．The chairman of the board of directors may be re—elected upon the expiration of the term to serve another term．
Before the term of office of a director expires，the meeting of shareholders shall not dismiss him(her)from his(her)posts without justifiable reasons．
第四十八条 董事会会议由董事长召集和主持；董事长因特殊原因不能履行职务时，由董事长指定副董事长或者其他董事召集和主持。三分之一以上董事可以提议召开董事会会议。
Article The meetings of the board of directors shall be called and presided over by the chairman of the board of directors．If the chairman of the board of directors is unable to perform his(her)duty due to special reasons，a vice—chairman of the board of directors or a director designated by the chairman of the board of directors shall call and preside over the meetings．A meeting of the board of directors may be called upon the motion by at least one-third of the directors．
第四十九条 董事会的议事式和表决程序，除本法有规定的以外，由公司章程规定。
召开董事会会议，应当于会议召开十日以前通知全体董事。
董事会应当对所议事项的决定作成会议记录，出席会议的董事应当在会议记录上签名。
Article The method Of discussion and the procedures of voting at the meeting of the board of directors shall be provided for in the articles of association except otherwise provided for in this law．
In concerning a meeting of the board of directors，a notice shall be given to the directors concerned days before the meeting is held．
The board of directors shall keep minutes of meetings made on the matters discussed and being
signed by the directors present．
第五十条 有限责任公司设经理，由董事会聘任或者解聘。经理对董事会负责，行使下列职权：
(一)主持公司的生产经营管理工作，组织实施董事会决议；
(二)组织实施公司年度经营计划和投资案；
(三)拟订公司内部管理机构设置案；
(四)拟订公司的基本管理制度；
(五)制定公司的具体规章；
(六)提请聘任或者解聘公司副经理、财务负责人；
(七)聘任或者解聘除应由董事会聘任或者解聘以外的负责管理人员；
(八)公司章程和董事会授予的其他职权。
经理列席董事会会议。
Article A limited liability company shall have a manager，subject to appointment or dismissal by the board of directors．The manager shall be responsible to the board of directors and exercise the following powers：
.To be in charge of the company's production operations and management of the company and organize the implementation of the decisions of the board of directors．
.Implementation of the annual operation and investment plans of the company.
.Formulate the internal organizational setup plan．
.Formulate the basic management system of the company．
.Formulate specific rules and regulations of the company．
.Propose the appointment or dismissal of deputy managers and financial officers of the company．
.Appoint or dismiss management officers other than those required to be appointed or dismissed by the board of directors．
.Other powers conferred by the articles of association and the board of directors．
The manager shall attend the meeting of the board of directors as a non—voting member．
第五十一条 有限责任公司，股东人数较少和规模较小的，可以设一名执行董事，不设立董事会。执行董事可以兼任公司经理。
执行董事的职权，应当参照本法第四十六条规定，由公司章程规定。
有限责任公司不设董事会的，执行董事为公司的法定代表人。
Article If a limited liability company with a small number of shareholders and a small scale of operation，it may have one sole executive director instead of the board of directors．The executive director may concurrently serve as the manager of the company．
The powers and functions of the managing director shall be defined in the articles of association pursuant to the provisions of Article of this law．
If a limited liability company has no board of directors，the managing director shall be the legal representative．
第五十二条 有限责任公司，经营规模较大的，设立监事会，其成员不得少于三人。监事会应在其组成人员中推选一名召集人。
监事会由股东代表和适当比例的公司职工代表组成，具体比例由公司章程规定。监事会中的职工代表由公司职工民主选举产生。
有限责任公司，股东人数较少和规模较小的，可以设一至二名监事。
董事、经理及财务负责人不得兼任监事。
Article A limited liability company with a relatively large scale of operation shall have a supervisory committee made up of not less than three members and a convenor elected among the members．
The supervisory committee shall include representatives of shareholders and a certain proportion of workers representatives．The specific proportion shall be specified in the articles of association．
The workers representatives to the supervisory committee shall be elected by workers through democratic process．
A limited liability company with a relatively small number of shareholders and of a small operation scale may have one to two supervisors．
Director, manager and financial officer of a company shall not concurrently serve as supervisors．
第五十三条 监事的任期每届为三年。监事任期届满，连选可以连任。
Article The term of office of a supervisor is three years, upon the expiration of the term, a
supervisor may be reappointed and serve another term.
第五十四条 监事会或者监事行使下列职权：
(一) 检查公司财务；
(二) 对董事、经理执行公司职务时违反法律、法规或者公司章程的行为进行监督；
(三)当董事和经理的饿行为损害公司的利益时，要求董事和经理予以纠；
(四)提议召开临时股东会；
(五)公司章程规定的其他职权。
监事列席董事会会议。
Article The supervisory committee or individual supervisors of a company exercise the following powers:
.To check up on the financial affairs of the company;
.To supervise the law and regulation violating acts or the articles of association of directors and manager in performing their duties;
.To request directors or manager to remedy their acts whenever such acts harm the interests of the company;
.To propose the convening of an interim shareholders' meeting; and
.To exercise other powers as provided for in the articles of association.
Supervisors shall attend the meeting of the board of directors as non-voting members.
第五十五条 公司研究决定有关职工工资、福利、安全生产以及劳动保护、劳动保险等涉及职工切身利益的问题，应当事先听取公司工会和职工的意见，并邀请工会或者职工代表列席有关会议。
Article Whenever considering and deciding on wages, welfares, production safety of the staff and workers and labor protection and labor insurance and other issues concerning the personal interests of the staff and works, opinions of the trade union and the workers of the company should first of all be solicited and representatives of the trade union or workers should be invited as observers to meetings concerned.
第五十六条 公司研究决定生产经营的重大问题、制定重要的规章制度时，应当听取公司工会和职工的意见和建议。
Article Opinions and suggestions of the trade union and workers of the company should also be solicited when considering and deciding on major issues concerning the operation of the company and when major rules and regulation are formulated for the company.
第五十七条 有下列情形之一的，不得担任公司的董事、监事、经理：
(一)无民事行为能力或者限制民事行为能力；
(二)因犯有贪污、贿赂、侵占财产、挪用财产罪或者破坏社会经济秩序罪，被判处刑罚，执行期满未逾五年，或者因犯罪被剥夺政治权利，执行期满未逾五年；
(三)担任因经营不善破产清算的公司、企业的董事或者厂长、经理，并对该公司、企业的破产负有个人责任的，自该公司、企业破产清算完结之日起未逾三年；
(四)担任因违法被吊销营业执照的公司、企业的法定代表人，并负有个人责任的，自该公司、企业被吊销营业执照之日起未逾三年；
(五)个人所负数额较大的债务到期未清偿。
公司违反前款规定选举、委派董事、监事或者聘任经理的，该选举、委派或者聘任无效。
Article The following persons may not serve as the director, supervisor or manager of a company:
.persons without or with restricted civil capacity;
.persons who have committed the offences of corruption, bribery, infringement of property, misappropriation of property or sabotaging the social economic order, and have been sentenced to criminal penalties, where less than five years have elapsed since the date of completion of the sentence; or persons who have been deprived of their political rights due to criminal offense, where less than five years have elapsed since the date of the completion of this deprivation;
.persons who are former directors, factory directors of managers of a company or enterprise which has become bankrupt and been liquidated as a result of mismanagement and are personally liable of bankruptcy of such company or enterprise, where less than three years have elapsed since the date of completion of the bankruptcy and liquidate.